Added functions: is_positive, is_negative, is_literal,

literals, is_definite_clause.

Partially implemented FolKB class and function fol_bc_ask.

Fixed errors in pl_resolution, standardize_apart.

Fixed errors in doctest cases for dpll_satisfiable, unify, extend,
and pl_resolve.

Added functions ppsubst, ppdict, and ppset, and used to simplify doctest cases.