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import random
random.seed("aima-python")
def test_current_best_learning():
examples = restaurant
hypothesis = [{'Alt': 'Yes'}]
h = current_best_learning(examples, hypothesis)
values = []
for e in examples:
values.append(guess_value(e, h))
assert values == [True, False, True, True, False, True, False, True, False, False, False, True]
examples = animals_umbrellas
initial_h = [{'Species': 'Cat'}]
h = current_best_learning(examples, initial_h)
values = []
for e in examples:
values.append(guess_value(e, h))
assert values == [True, True, True, False, False, False, True]
initial_h = [{'Pizza': 'Yes'}]
h = current_best_learning(examples, initial_h)
values = []
for e in examples:
values.append(guess_value(e, h))
assert values == [True, True, False]
def test_version_space_learning():
V = version_space_learning(party)
guess = False
for h in V:
if guess_value(e, h):
guess = True
break
results.append(guess)
assert results == [True, True, False]
assert [{'Pizza': 'Yes'}] in V
def test_minimal_consistent_det():
assert minimal_consistent_det(party, {'Pizza', 'Soda'}) == {'Pizza'}
assert minimal_consistent_det(party[:2], {'Pizza', 'Soda'}) == set()
assert minimal_consistent_det(animals_umbrellas, {'Species', 'Rain', 'Coat'}) == {'Species', 'Rain', 'Coat'}
assert minimal_consistent_det(conductance, {'Mass', 'Temp', 'Material', 'Size'}) == {'Temp', 'Material'}
assert minimal_consistent_det(conductance, {'Mass', 'Temp', 'Size'}) == {'Mass', 'Temp', 'Size'}
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def test_extend_example():
assert list(test_network.extend_example({x: A, y: B}, expr('Conn(x, z)'))) == [
{x: A, y: B, z: B}, {x: A, y: B, z: D}]
assert list(test_network.extend_example({x: G}, expr('Conn(x, y)'))) == [{x: G, y: I}]
assert list(test_network.extend_example({x: C}, expr('Conn(x, y)'))) == []
assert len(list(test_network.extend_example({}, expr('Conn(x, y)')))) == 10
assert len(list(small_family.extend_example({x: expr('Andrew')}, expr('Father(x, y)')))) == 2
assert len(list(small_family.extend_example({x: expr('Andrew')}, expr('Mother(x, y)')))) == 0
assert len(list(small_family.extend_example({x: expr('Andrew')}, expr('Female(y)')))) == 6
def test_new_literals():
assert len(list(test_network.new_literals([expr('p | q'), [expr('p')]]))) == 8
assert len(list(test_network.new_literals([expr('p'), [expr('q'), expr('p | r')]]))) == 15
assert len(list(small_family.new_literals([expr('p'), []]))) == 8
assert len(list(small_family.new_literals([expr('p & q'), []]))) == 20
def test_choose_literal():
literals = [expr('Conn(p, q)'), expr('Conn(x, z)'), expr('Conn(r, s)'), expr('Conn(t, y)')]
examples_pos = [{x: A, y: B}, {x: A, y: D}]
examples_neg = [{x: A, y: C}, {x: C, y: A}, {x: C, y: B}, {x: A, y: I}]
assert test_network.choose_literal(literals, [examples_pos, examples_neg]) == expr('Conn(x, z)')
literals = [expr('Conn(x, p)'), expr('Conn(p, x)'), expr('Conn(p, q)')]
examples_pos = [{x: C}, {x: F}, {x: I}]
examples_neg = [{x: D}, {x: A}, {x: B}, {x: G}]
assert test_network.choose_literal(literals, [examples_pos, examples_neg]) == expr('Conn(p, x)')
literals = [expr('Father(x, y)'), expr('Father(y, x)'), expr('Mother(x, y)'), expr('Mother(x, y)')]
examples_pos = [{x: expr('Philip')}, {x: expr('Mark')}, {x: expr('Peter')}]
examples_neg = [{x: expr('Elizabeth')}, {x: expr('Sarah')}]
assert small_family.choose_literal(literals, [examples_pos, examples_neg]) == expr('Father(x, y)')
literals = [expr('Father(x, y)'), expr('Father(y, x)'), expr('Male(x)')]
examples_pos = [{x: expr('Philip')}, {x: expr('Mark')}, {x: expr('Andrew')}]
examples_neg = [{x: expr('Elizabeth')}, {x: expr('Sarah')}]
assert small_family.choose_literal(literals, [examples_pos, examples_neg]) == expr('Male(x)')
def test_new_clause():
target = expr('Open(x, y)')
examples_pos = [{x: B}, {x: A}, {x: G}]
examples_neg = [{x: C}, {x: F}, {x: I}]
clause = test_network.new_clause([examples_pos, examples_neg], target)[0][1]
assert len(clause) == 1 and clause[0].op == 'Conn' and clause[0].args[0] == x
target = expr('Flow(x, y)')
examples_pos = [{x: B}, {x: D}, {x: E}, {x: G}]
examples_neg = [{x: A}, {x: C}, {x: F}, {x: I}, {x: H}]
clause = test_network.new_clause([examples_pos, examples_neg], target)[0][1]
assert len(clause) == 2 and \
((clause[0].args[0] == x and clause[1].args[1] == x) or \
(clause[0].args[1] == x and clause[1].args[0] == x))
def test_foil():
target = expr('Reach(x, y)')
examples_pos = [{x: A, y: B},
{x: A, y: C},
{x: A, y: D},
{x: A, y: E},
{x: A, y: F},
{x: A, y: G},
{x: A, y: I},
{x: B, y: C},
{x: D, y: C},
{x: D, y: E},
{x: D, y: F},
{x: D, y: G},
{x: D, y: I},
{x: E, y: F},
{x: E, y: G},
{x: E, y: I},
{x: G, y: I},
{x: H, y: G},
{x: H, y: I}]
nodes = {A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I}
examples_neg = [example for example in [{x: a, y: b} for a in nodes for b in nodes]
if example not in examples_pos]
## TODO: Modify FOIL to recursively check for satisfied positive examples
# clauses = test_network.foil([examples_pos, examples_neg], target)
# assert len(clauses) == 2
target = expr('Parent(x, y)')
examples_pos = [{x: expr('Elizabeth'), y: expr('Anne')},
{x: expr('Elizabeth'), y: expr('Andrew')},
{x: expr('Philip'), y: expr('Anne')},
{x: expr('Philip'), y: expr('Andrew')},
{x: expr('Anne'), y: expr('Peter')},
{x: expr('Anne'), y: expr('Zara')},
{x: expr('Mark'), y: expr('Peter')},
{x: expr('Mark'), y: expr('Zara')},
{x: expr('Andrew'), y: expr('Beatrice')},
{x: expr('Andrew'), y: expr('Eugenie')},
{x: expr('Sarah'), y: expr('Beatrice')},
{x: expr('Sarah'), y: expr('Eugenie')}]
examples_neg = [{x: expr('Anne'), y: expr('Eugenie')},
{x: expr('Beatrice'), y: expr('Eugenie')},
{x: expr('Mark'), y: expr('Elizabeth')},
{x: expr('Beatrice'), y: expr('Philip')}]
clauses = small_family.foil([examples_pos, examples_neg], target)
assert len(clauses) == 2 and \
((clauses[0][1][0] == expr('Father(x, y)') and clauses[1][1][0] == expr('Mother(x, y)')) or \
(clauses[1][1][0] == expr('Father(x, y)') and clauses[0][1][0] == expr('Mother(x, y)')))
target = expr('Grandparent(x, y)')
examples_pos = [{x: expr('Elizabeth'), y: expr('Peter')},
{x: expr('Elizabeth'), y: expr('Zara')},
{x: expr('Elizabeth'), y: expr('Beatrice')},
{x: expr('Elizabeth'), y: expr('Eugenie')},
{x: expr('Philip'), y: expr('Peter')},
{x: expr('Philip'), y: expr('Zara')},
{x: expr('Philip'), y: expr('Beatrice')},
{x: expr('Philip'), y: expr('Eugenie')}]
examples_neg = [{x: expr('Anne'), y: expr('Eugenie')},
{x: expr('Beatrice'), y: expr('Eugenie')},
{x: expr('Elizabeth'), y: expr('Andrew')},
{x: expr('Philip'), y: expr('Anne')},
{x: expr('Philip'), y: expr('Andrew')},
{x: expr('Anne'), y: expr('Peter')},
{x: expr('Anne'), y: expr('Zara')},
{x: expr('Mark'), y: expr('Peter')},
{x: expr('Mark'), y: expr('Zara')},
{x: expr('Andrew'), y: expr('Beatrice')},
{x: expr('Andrew'), y: expr('Eugenie')},
{x: expr('Sarah'), y: expr('Beatrice')},
{x: expr('Mark'), y: expr('Elizabeth')},
{x: expr('Beatrice'), y: expr('Philip')}]
# clauses = small_family.foil([examples_pos, examples_neg], target)
# assert len(clauses) == 2 and \
# ((clauses[0][1][0] == expr('Father(x, y)') and clauses[1][1][0] == expr('Mother(x, y)')) or \
# (clauses[1][1][0] == expr('Father(x, y)') and clauses[0][1][0] == expr('Mother(x, y)')))
{'Pizza': 'Yes', 'Soda': 'No', 'GOAL': True},
{'Pizza': 'Yes', 'Soda': 'Yes', 'GOAL': True},
{'Pizza': 'No', 'Soda': 'No', 'GOAL': False}
]
animals_umbrellas = [
{'Species': 'Cat', 'Rain': 'Yes', 'Coat': 'No', 'GOAL': True},
{'Species': 'Cat', 'Rain': 'Yes', 'Coat': 'Yes', 'GOAL': True},
{'Species': 'Dog', 'Rain': 'Yes', 'Coat': 'Yes', 'GOAL': True},
{'Species': 'Dog', 'Rain': 'Yes', 'Coat': 'No', 'GOAL': False},
{'Species': 'Dog', 'Rain': 'No', 'Coat': 'No', 'GOAL': False},
{'Species': 'Cat', 'Rain': 'No', 'Coat': 'No', 'GOAL': False},
{'Species': 'Cat', 'Rain': 'No', 'Coat': 'Yes', 'GOAL': True}
]
conductance = [
{'Sample': 'S1', 'Mass': 12, 'Temp': 26, 'Material': 'Cu', 'Size': 3, 'GOAL': 0.59},
{'Sample': 'S1', 'Mass': 12, 'Temp': 100, 'Material': 'Cu', 'Size': 3, 'GOAL': 0.57},
{'Sample': 'S2', 'Mass': 24, 'Temp': 26, 'Material': 'Cu', 'Size': 6, 'GOAL': 0.59},
{'Sample': 'S3', 'Mass': 12, 'Temp': 26, 'Material': 'Pb', 'Size': 2, 'GOAL': 0.05},
{'Sample': 'S3', 'Mass': 12, 'Temp': 100, 'Material': 'Pb', 'Size': 2, 'GOAL': 0.04},
{'Sample': 'S4', 'Mass': 18, 'Temp': 100, 'Material': 'Pb', 'Size': 3, 'GOAL': 0.04},
{'Sample': 'S4', 'Mass': 18, 'Temp': 100, 'Material': 'Pb', 'Size': 3, 'GOAL': 0.04},
{'Sample': 'S5', 'Mass': 24, 'Temp': 100, 'Material': 'Pb', 'Size': 4, 'GOAL': 0.04},
{'Sample': 'S6', 'Mass': 36, 'Temp': 26, 'Material': 'Pb', 'Size': 6, 'GOAL': 0.05},
]
def r_example(Alt, Bar, Fri, Hun, Pat, Price, Rain, Res, Type, Est, GOAL):
return {'Alt': Alt, 'Bar': Bar, 'Fri': Fri, 'Hun': Hun, 'Pat': Pat,
'Price': Price, 'Rain': Rain, 'Res': Res, 'Type': Type, 'Est': Est,
'GOAL': GOAL}
restaurant = [
r_example('Yes', 'No', 'No', 'Yes', 'Some', '$$$', 'No', 'Yes', 'French', '0-10', True),
r_example('Yes', 'No', 'No', 'Yes', 'Full', '$', 'No', 'No', 'Thai', '30-60', False),
r_example('No', 'Yes', 'No', 'No', 'Some', '$', 'No', 'No', 'Burger', '0-10', True),
r_example('Yes', 'No', 'Yes', 'Yes', 'Full', '$', 'Yes', 'No', 'Thai', '10-30', True),
r_example('Yes', 'No', 'Yes', 'No', 'Full', '$$$', 'No', 'Yes', 'French', '>60', False),
r_example('No', 'Yes', 'No', 'Yes', 'Some', '$$', 'Yes', 'Yes', 'Italian', '0-10', True),
r_example('No', 'Yes', 'No', 'No', 'None', '$', 'Yes', 'No', 'Burger', '0-10', False),
r_example('No', 'No', 'No', 'Yes', 'Some', '$$', 'Yes', 'Yes', 'Thai', '0-10', True),
r_example('No', 'Yes', 'Yes', 'No', 'Full', '$', 'Yes', 'No', 'Burger', '>60', False),
r_example('Yes', 'Yes', 'Yes', 'Yes', 'Full', '$$$', 'No', 'Yes', 'Italian', '10-30', False),
r_example('No', 'No', 'No', 'No', 'None', '$', 'No', 'No', 'Thai', '0-10', False),
r_example('Yes', 'Yes', 'Yes', 'Yes', 'Full', '$', 'No', 'No', 'Burger', '30-60', True)
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"""
A H
|\ /|
| \ / |
v v v v
B D-->E-->G-->I
| / |
| / |
vv v
C F
"""
test_network = FOIL_container([expr("Conn(A, B)"),
expr("Conn(A ,D)"),
expr("Conn(B, C)"),
expr("Conn(D, C)"),
expr("Conn(D, E)"),
expr("Conn(E ,F)"),
expr("Conn(E, G)"),
expr("Conn(G, I)"),
expr("Conn(H, G)"),
expr("Conn(H, I)")])
small_family = FOIL_container([expr("Mother(Anne, Peter)"),
expr("Mother(Anne, Zara)"),
expr("Mother(Sarah, Beatrice)"),
expr("Mother(Sarah, Eugenie)"),
expr("Father(Mark, Peter)"),
expr("Father(Mark, Zara)"),
expr("Father(Andrew, Beatrice)"),
expr("Father(Andrew, Eugenie)"),
expr("Father(Philip, Anne)"),
expr("Father(Philip, Andrew)"),
expr("Mother(Elizabeth, Anne)"),
expr("Mother(Elizabeth, Andrew)"),
expr("Male(Philip)"),
expr("Male(Mark)"),
expr("Male(Andrew)"),
expr("Male(Peter)"),
expr("Female(Elizabeth)"),
expr("Female(Anne)"),
expr("Female(Sarah)"),
expr("Female(Zara)"),
expr("Female(Beatrice)"),
expr("Female(Eugenie)"),
])
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, x, y, z = map(expr, 'ABCDEFGHIxyz')